Conder101

All I see are typical contact marks.

While true, in 1986 the coining rate was much slower than it is today.  I believe press cycle speed was around 120 per minute (but with 2 or 4 dies per press), where today it is closer to 750 with a single die.
 
I think today they are all struck on single die horizontal Schuler presses.

It isn't illegal to mutilate US coins unless done with the intent to defraud.  (You also can't legally melt cents and none silver five cent pieces)
The two conterstamps are merely novelty pieces, the first is simply to appeal to someone who likes American football.  The second is part of a group of counterstamped cents made (privately) to commemorate the Apollo missions.  The one shown marks the landing date of Apollo 12 on the Moon. 11/19/1969

Probably not as the 1955 DDO cent has one of the largest displacements between the images in the US series.  (some of the doubled dies in the shield nickel series are greater, but who pays attention to shield nickels)  Most doubled dies have only slight displacement, and the coin with the greatest separation isn't visually impressive because the first hubbing either wasn't that deep or was mostly wiped out by the second hubbing. (a seated dime DDR wish nearly a 180 degree rotation between hubbings.  1872 if I remember correctly.)  there was interest in repunching in the early coin series, but mostly for die variety identification.

It isn't illegal to mutilate US coins unless done with the intent to defraud.  (You also can't legally melt cents and none silver five cent pieces)
The two conterstamps are merely novelty pieces, the first is simply to appeal to someone who likes American football.  The second is part of a group of counterstamped cents made (privately) to commemorate the Apollo missions.  The one shown marks the landing date of Apollo 12 on the Moon. 11/19/1969

Usually when I run into someone doing this type of research they are doing it on their own and they either work for a University or lab and have access to the equipment through their work and they have their employers permission to utilize the equipment on their own time.  So their cost is minimal, but they don't or wouldn't have the access to the type or number of pieces that would be needed for the type of research Roger is suggesting.

Usually when I run into someone doing this type of research they are doing it on their own and they either work for a University or lab and have access to the equipment through their work and they have their employers permission to utilize the equipment on their own time.  So their cost is minimal, but they don't or wouldn't have the access to the type or number of pieces that would be needed for the type of research Roger is suggesting.

Doubling from repunching could occur (assuming they were using punches and not hand engraving the dies) but the doubling would be on individual elements  and if two items were repunched the doubling would most likely not be the same on both  As Physics said a DDO or DDR would require the use of a hub and that didn't come till much later.

That's because a coin that has been properly clean would be one where you can't tell that it has been cleaned.  And if you can't tell, how do you know it has been cleaned.

That's because a coin that has been properly clean would be one where you can't tell that it has been cleaned.  And if you can't tell, how do you know it has been cleaned.

Bullion coins are uncirculated unless they have received wear from mis-handling, or from actually having been is circulation. (which is rare, but has been know to happen)
It was standard terminology in the hobby until the Mint started making the "burnished" coins and threw a monkey wrench into the works by calling them Uncirculated. (After over 30 years of the bullion coins being listed as Uncirculated by dealers and collectors.)
 
Internally they also use it for coins intended for collector sets.  Coins struck intended to be released into circulation are referred to internally as Circulated coins
 
The TPG's only indicate a mintmark on bullion pieces when unopened green monster boxes are submitted with banding on them that indicates a mint other than West Point.  Normally all the bullion coins are struck at West Point but from time to time they have been struck a Philadelphia or San Francisco as well.  When that happens and the unopened monster box is submitted the striking mint is indicated on the holder by a (P) or (S)

Bullion coins are uncirculated unless they have received wear from mis-handling, or from actually having been is circulation. (which is rare, but has been know to happen)
It was standard terminology in the hobby until the Mint started making the "burnished" coins and threw a monkey wrench into the works by calling them Uncirculated. (After over 30 years of the bullion coins being listed as Uncirculated by dealers and collectors.)
 
Internally they also use it for coins intended for collector sets.  Coins struck intended to be released into circulation are referred to internally as Circulated coins
 
The TPG's only indicate a mintmark on bullion pieces when unopened green monster boxes are submitted with banding on them that indicates a mint other than West Point.  Normally all the bullion coins are struck at West Point but from time to time they have been struck a Philadelphia or San Francisco as well.  When that happens and the unopened monster box is submitted the striking mint is indicated on the holder by a (P) or (S)

The quarter mintages were affected too.  In 2008 the average mintage for EACH design was in the 500 million range.  In 2009 the HIGHEST mintage was the first design at 170 million.  By the third design it was down to 87 million, and by the last design it was 72 million.

What's worse is that isn't even a filled mintmark. it's a damaged one that has taken a hit and pushed metal over the center of the mintmark.

The quarter mintages were affected too.  In 2008 the average mintage for EACH design was in the 500 million range.  In 2009 the HIGHEST mintage was the first design at 170 million.  By the third design it was down to 87 million, and by the last design it was 72 million.

LIBERTY isn't allowed in China.

There are 10 different varieties of these holders
Redfield
Black with no grade, black with MS 60 grade, black with MS 60 grade changed to 63 with blue labeling tape, red with MS 65 grade Paramount International Coin Corp extends all the way across the insert, red with MS 65 grade Paramount International Coin Corp is smaller font ending about 1/2 inch from either edge of insert, red with MS 65 grade changed to 67 with red labeling tape, green with MS65+ grade
Non-Redfield
Black with MS 60 grade, red with MS 65 grade, green with MS 65+ grade
The two Redfield types with the labeling tape altered grades were altered on the insert BEFORE the slabs were sonically sealed. so they were done by Paramount not an after market alteration.
The green inserts are probably the most difficult ones to locate followed by the ones with the altered grades, then the red one with the smaller font Paramount etc.
The only variation I have not seen is a non Redfield with no grade because that holder would just say "US SILVER DOLLAR PARAMOUNT INTERNATIONAL etc"

Depends on what you mean by "sanctioned".  If  you mean with the official approval of the government, probably not.  If you mean the government not taking any steps to put an end to it and just turning a blind eye to it, then yes.

The comment that it is slightly magnetic is the key to knowing that it was nickel plated.

The quarter mintages were affected too.  In 2008 the average mintage for EACH design was in the 500 million range.  In 2009 the HIGHEST mintage was the first design at 170 million.  By the third design it was down to 87 million, and by the last design it was 72 million.

This is a member of a well known family of fakes.  As mentioned the reverse style is wrong for 1800, and in fact is the reverse die of 1804 C-6.  ALL dates of draped bust half cents can be found from this counterfeiter, with this reverse die..

This is a member of a well known family of fakes.  As mentioned the reverse style is wrong for 1800, and in fact is the reverse die of 1804 C-6.  ALL dates of draped bust half cents can be found from this counterfeiter, with this reverse die..

Anther problem you have is not all of the Cheerios dollars had the prototype reverse.  What percentage had the prototype reverse I don't know.  But for the one that don't, once they are removed from the Cheerios packaging there is no way to differentiate them from any of the other 2000 P sac dollars.
 
If they aren't savvy, they may have spent them, or they may have just tossed the package in a drawer somewhere.  After all, to them it's no big deal, just a dollar.
 
Make that 100%.  The prototype reverse wasn't identified until a few years later.

1994 West point double eagles?  They stopped making double eagles in 1933 until they made them for one year in 2009.  West point has never struck double eagles.  They DID strike 1/10 oz through 1 oz AGE's in 1994  I $5, $10, $25, and $50 denominations, no double eagles ($20)

1994 West point double eagles?  They stopped making double eagles in 1933 until they made them for one year in 2009.  West point has never struck double eagles.  They DID strike 1/10 oz through 1 oz AGE's in 1994  I $5, $10, $25, and $50 denominations, no double eagles ($20)