If you are looking for a single book covering the different coinages, believe it or not, the best single volume is still The Early Coins of America by Sylvester Sage Crosby. Originally written in the 1870's most the information is still relevant. Later research has changed some of the thinking but most of the history of the mints and the people involved is still valid. There are inexpensive modern reprints, the photographic plates in the reprints are pretty poor but the written text is all there. The Whitman Encyclopedia of Colonial and Early American coins is a good starter book on the different series, it doesn't go into great detail, but the basic info is there. The separate books on the different series in the C4 link posted are fantastic, and are based on all the latest research, they are expensive however.