RWB

The material used as a "planchet" does not matter. Also, deliberate mutilation of US coin for creation of an illegal item is a separate felony.

Disclosure has no effect whatever. Anyone making, distributing a counterfeit is culpable, as is anyone making the dies, hubs or using a machine to make the counterfeits. These counterfeits have already led to multiple questions from innocent people and confusion. That will only increase. Event the properly marked Landis pieces have been scraped and abused, then passed as authentic large cents. HPA allows confiscation of ALL material and equipment sued to make counterfeits and recovery of all money paid by anyone for them.

Maybe a dash of WD-40 would help...?

The OP, and others, will be best served by listening the Mr. Lange.

Any coin-like object that has wording claiming to be a product of the US Mint (or other countries) and NOT in fact made by the US Mint, is a counterfeit. The legal definition is of long standing and has been modified ONLY by HPA and its requirement for the word "COPY" to be stamped on a replica. Landis and other honest people understood that. The language is clear and unambiguous. A counterfeit US coin needs only "United States of America" (or something similar) and a legal tender denomination. That interpretation is extremely liberal since a "slug" can be entirely blank and still fall under US counterfeiting law. The legal phrase "likeness or similitude" covers both appearance AND potential use. Collectors almost universally complain about counterfeits (including 'impossible dates') from China, Vietnam and other garden spots, but turn a blind eye on the same thing when done domestically. Hypocrisy is not a numismatic value.

But...I'm asking what those terms mean? Tossing words about with little or no common understanding does not convey useful information.

There are fewer date/mint combinations for Eagles, and smaller production quantities. That also means fewer potential die varieties. Also, there's little point in repeating much of the section introduction material from the DE book. The E book might be 1/3 the total length --- really don't know. When I write an article or book, I let the data and documents tell the story, and that means I don't write to a specific length.

RE: "...if the demand for smaller coins hit in 1932, why didn't it "shake loose" a lot of the presumably "bagged and vaulted" earlier year Eagles ? Any ideas ?" The large banks became aware of speculative and non-business coin export before Treasury. They acted together to reject any order they deemed inappropriate. Also, Olympicsos comments are correct.

The Eagle book is taking longer than expected. Data about movement of Eagles is more difficult to locate than DE. It also has a higher uncertainty rate - some of which is caused by reference to both DE and E as "eagles" in some financial accounts and ExIm reports. (The Eagle book has also been interrupted by other projects...so I can't really blame anyone except me.)

I get almost daily gripes from collectors and others complaining that So-and-So is a "liberal" grader or a "conservative" grader. Another variant is that So-and-So is a conservative grader when buying and liberal when selling. We have no generally accepted and empirically defined standards - at least that I can discern. The ANA, which could (or should?) have been the National Coin Grading Standards advocate, long ago abrogated that role. What, to members, do these terms really mean? Are they different approaches or have different back-door motivations, or....?

To me, it's a "worse" term. Uncirculated is a clear, sensible and long-accepted term. It is easily understood. As Mark noted, "...not a coin that’s literally in the state in which it left the mint." Toning of any kind - literally chemical tarnish - is a descriptor and not part of a grade -- ever.

Adjusters, whose work required persistent reference to fine gradations on a balance, worked under traditional gas lights (usually with a mantle). Later, when the new building opened, electric lights were used. But they were dim critters equal to about 25 watts by today's incandescent light output - this is about the same as the little ornamental lights people put in porch lights.

RE: "This exaggeration doesn't change the fact that gold (or silver) has traditionally been the best store of value relative to anything else. In the current environment, it's not as liquid as "hard currency" folding money but that's temporary situation." Traditional comment. Not actually true. Ask any old-time banker about keeping gold as a required reserve - they hated it, and dumped it as quickly as possible. Gold simply sits. It does nothing, contributes nothing, earns nothing, and profits no one except the middleman who is quick to flip it. Bullion sellers/buyers do not hold it - they dump it as fast as possible. If it's such as good "store of value" then they should want to hold a lot and preserve "value." DeBeers and Alrosa (the Russian cartel) hold diamonds to inflate price - to "store value" by restricting trade. There is no organized analog for gold. Commercial users buy at negotiated prices - not the "spot market." Hoarders merely relinquish interest, capital gain and potential financial gain from free capital, buy sticking the stuff in mattress holes or the in the fake ice cream box in a home freezer. "Store of Value" is the grinding tune played in an expensive game of musical chairs.

Counterfeits. Just like any others from any where. Very plain, very simple.

My quote a couple of posts above is from the Saint-Gaudens Eagles book, which is still in research - the quoted info is not in the DE book. On "Any reason why demand for the 1932 Eagles spiked so high ?" please re-read the quoted material. The answer is in there.

Try organizing by denomination, then design within the denomination. That will give you a better idea of what is there and help members here see what you have and ask questions. Also, please be patient - this medium is not the best at times.

Regarding the question about 1932 Eagles --- These bits from the Saint-Gaudens Eagle book might be helpful. There is more in the book -- whenever I can get it finished. (The following is copyright 2020 Seneca Mill Press LLC and Roger W Burdette.) "By the end of 1931 European speculators and gold hoarders were looking for additional avenues to profit from international currency turmoil. With French citizens and others demanding to buy gold in small quantities for personal hoards, and no domestic gold coin available, the obvious solution was to import U.S. coins.[1] Eagles and half eagles seemed to be the most popular because they could be bought by those of modest means. Double eagles required more capital but were also available in almost limitless quantity. The first publicity about private exports for hoarding was a small article in the Wall Street Journal on February 1, 1932: Foreigners have been withdrawing American gold coins at the rate of approximately $5,000,000 weekly in the last few weeks, the largest shipments being made to France and Holland. Those transactions are handled by banks who charge a premium on the business. This gold movement is not entirely reflected in the statements of the New York Federal Reserve Bank. The foreign recipients, mostly banks, are selling the coins, also at a premium, for hoarding purposes, since gold coin in European countries is not easily available.[2] The U.S. coins were not only of recognized purity standards, but were freely available from banks sometimes without a fee. The American banks are the only ones in the world outside of South Africa which freely furnish gold coin. Even in France, where the gold standard is strongly entrenched, the banks decline to issue gold in small amounts. The French banks will, however, issue gold bars on demand, but these bars, weighing 25 pounds and costing several thousand dollars, are too costly and too unwieldy to support the newly created business of profiteering in gold currency. As a result…the foreign vendors of coins have turned to the United States as their sole source of supply.[3] [1] Like most other aspects of the exchange and melting of gold coins during this time, these quantities are estimates only. The author’s estimates differ from published values provided by Friedman and Schwartz, and other professional economists in that the present estimates relate only to gold coin. Gold bullion, Federal Reserve Bank Notes, gold certificates, silver certificates and other forms of money have been excluded. [2] “U.S. Exports Gold Coins,” Wall Street Journal, February 1, 1932. [3] “U.S. Banks War on Shipping of Gold Coins to Hoarders,” The Washington Post, February 3, 1932. p.1. "Most of the 1.8 million 1932 eagles released into circulation were shipped in February and March of that year. These predominantly found their way into European hoards but were not generally part of central bank reserves. Once New York banks realized why there were many requests for relatively small amounts of gold coins, they voluntarily refused to issue the coins, as noted above."

Worn and damaged. Suggestion: Rather than posting more wrong guesses, how about posting the photos and asking members if they can spot anything unusual? There are a lot of smart, sharp-eyed members here and they will be glad to help - but using your inexperienced guesses in titles is kind of a turn off.

Looking down through #7092, I see a lot of AU and low-end BU wheat cents, and some US Mint sets. Nothing to that level is close to justifying the cost of authentication and "grading." Have you tried grouping the coins by denomination and posting images of the groups? If you plan to keep the silver coins then don't need to illustrate them unless there are some older pieces or exceptionally high quality. (Nothing like that in the first images.) Other members can help you more than I. But maybe this will help start a conversation.

No, but the operative word begins with the same letter: " D " :)

Almost -- If the outside silver were 0.900 instead of 0.800, and the bulk remained the same calculation indicates a weight increase of just 0.028 grams....well within tolerance. Clad metal coils for halves and dollars came from the same manufacturer, but were different thicknesses and widths so they could not run through the wrong blank cutters. 26.73 grams applies to a bulk 0.900 silver, 0.100 copper dollar.

There was no "emergency." Mike Mezack is not a Coin Expert - with or without capitalization.

There's a fellow on ebay who sells mintmarks. Just stick 'em to your coin, and off you go! :)

You are looking for excuses to avoid doing what are best practices acknowledged world wide. That is false, foolish, and demonstrates a lack of concern for others. Also, don't bother with the phony "personal freedom" dodge - EVERY right comes with responsibility, and protecting all supersedes your petty and selfish "right" to possibly spread disease. ("Typhoid Mary" couldn't grasp this, either, so you're in deadly infectious company.) The transmission rates reported in parts of Texas last month, for example, were approximately 75% lower in jurisdictions that encouraged distancing, masks, and hand washing -- even for the "unwashed masses." Europe controlled the virus far better than the US as a whole through the same very simple protections. Similar results are reported by the CDC in parts of FL, GA, AL, CA and other states. In Virginia, the northern counties have consistently had much lower rates of infection than other areas where populations have been less consciousness. As for so-called "flip flops" that is yet another sign of self-serving ignorance and lack of rational thought. Science, as opposed to "dogma," is built on measurable data. Initial recommendations will normally be less focused and effective than those made after more data is collected and analyzed. After a couple of months (Jan-early Mar) the data from China and other infection loci demonstrated increasing confidence that distance, masks, and hand washing were very effective in reducing (but not totally preventing) community transmission. The "herd immunity" touted by ignorant dogmatists is not effective except when isolated populations reach approximately 75-80% immunity. For the USA, that's about 272 million who have survived, and 5.5+ million who have died. We've seen the results of lower immunity levels in outbreaks of measles and other "childhood" diseases originating in multiple closed communities where vaccination rates are below 75%; the spread is rapid and easily caught by thousands who were deliberately victimized by anti-vaccine groups. The kind of perverse stupidity expressed in your post is why there is presently no nation-wide "light at the end of the tunnel" except an approach freight train. The people about to get run over by ignorance and dogma are middle and lower wage people -- the same ones who perform much of the national consumer-goods production, food production and a host of basic necessary services that the rest of us chickens take for granted. These wage earners do not have large stores of cash or assets, and an increasing proportion are running on financial fumes with little hope in sight. Let's be brutally honest. The economy cannot fully recover until the CoVID-19 virus is under control and states and communities can respond quickly to small outbreaks. No amount of hope, prayer, invocation, promise, dogma or anything else can change that - and unless a very effective vaccine becomes available to a very large part of the population, the most effective means we have to reduce spread are -- now say it all together: "Distance, Mask, and Wash!" Enough, Insider. I'm going to wash my hands of this.

Very nice Canadian 1967 dollar.